File #2389: "2018_Book_WhenParentsKillChildren.pdf"
Testo
1|Dedication|5
1|Preface|6
2|Part I: Incidence|7
2|Part II: Explaining Filicide|9
2|Part III: Intervention and Prevention|10
1|Acknowledgements|14
1|Contents|16
1|List of Figures|19
1|List of Tables|20
1|Part I: Incidence|22
2|1: Canadian Trends in Filicide by Gender of the Accused, 1961–2011|23
3|1.1 Introduction|23
3|1.2 Prior Research on Gender and Filicide|24
4|1.2.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Filicide Accused and Their Victims|25
5|1.2.1.1 Perpetrators|25
5|1.2.1.2 Victims|25
4|1.2.2 Situational Characteristics in Filicide|25
4|1.2.3 Explaining Filicide|26
3|1.3 The Current Study|28
4|1.3.1 Data Source and Sample|28
4|1.3.2 Results|30
5|1.3.2.1 Temporal and Geographic Trends|30
5|1.3.2.2 Socio-Demographic Characteristics|30
6|Age of Accused by Gender|30
6|Marital Status by Gender of Accused|30
6|Gender of Victim|31
6|Age of Victim|31
6|Relationship|31
5|1.3.2.3 Incident Characteristics|31
6|Cause of Death|31
6|Motive|32
6|History of Family Violence|32
6|Clearance Status|34
6|Charge Laid or Recommended|35
3|1.4 Discussion and Conclusion|35
4|1.4.1 Emerging Trends in Maternal and Paternal Filicide|36
5|1.4.1.1 Increasing Gender Gap in Accused|36
5|1.4.1.2 Increasing Proportion of Accused Experiencing Relationship Breakdown|37
5|1.4.1.3 Increasing Proportion of Filicidal Stepfathers|38
5|1.4.1.4 Increasing Presence of Prior History of Family Violence|39
5|1.4.1.5 Decreases in Filicide–Suicide Cases|39
4|1.4.2 Further Implications for Future Research to Inform Intervention and Prevention|40
3|References|42
2|2: The Incidence of Filicide in Chile: A Study of the Years 2010–2012|46
3|2.1 Introduction|46
3|2.2 Historical Background and Chilean Context|47
3|2.3 Conceptual Framework|48
4|2.3.1 Altruistic Filicide|49
4|2.3.2 Filicide of an Unwanted Child|49
4|2.3.3 Fatal Maltreatment|50
4|2.3.4 Acute Psychotic Filicide|50
4|2.3.5 Revenge Filicide|51
3|2.4 Incidence Statistics of Filicide in Chile|51
3|2.5 Case Studies|55
3|2.6 Conclusion|59
3|References|60
2|3: Developing an Understanding of Filicide in South Africa|62
3|3.1 Introduction|62
3|3.2 Context of Violence in South Africa|64
3|3.3 The Pattern of Homicide in South Africa|65
3|3.4 Families and Child Rearing|67
3|3.5 Violence Against Children|69
3|3.6 When Violence Kills: Patterns of Child Murders in South Africa|70
3|3.7 Understanding Filicide in the South African Setting|71
3|3.8 Conclusion|75
3|References|77
2|4: Filicide in Japan|81
3|4.1 Introduction|81
4|4.1.1 Brief Overview of Previous Studies Regarding Filicide|81
4|4.1.2 The Recent Features of Filicide in Japan|83
3|4.2 Methods|84
3|4.3 Results|84
4|4.3.1 Data Set|84
4|4.3.2 Victims and Offender|85
4|4.3.3 Filicide Rates and Regional Distribution|86
4|4.3.4 Fatal Abuse Cases|88
4|4.3.5 Multiple Filicide Cases|88
4|4.3.6 Filicide Rate, Suicide Rate, and Unemployment Rate|89
3|4.4 Discussion|90
4|4.4.1 Is the Number of Fatal Abuse Cases Increasing?|90
4|4.4.2 Age Distribution of Perpetrators|91
4|4.4.3 Filicide Rate and Socioeconomic Factors|91
4|4.4.4 Possible Preventive Measures for Filicide|92
3|References|93
1|Part II: Explaining Filicide|96
2|5: When Men Murder Children|97
3|5.1 Introduction|97
3|5.2 The Knowledge|98
3|5.3 Methods in the Murder in Britain Study|101
3|5.4 When Men Murder Children Inside and Outside the Family Context|102
4|5.4.1 Comparison of Family Members (FM) and Nonfamily Members (NFM)|102
3|5.5 Life Course of the Perpetrators|104
4|5.5.1 Childhood|104
4|5.5.2 Adult Lives|105
3|5.6 The Murder of Children by Birth Fathers (BF) and De Facto Men (NBF)|105
4|5.6.1 Men Murdering Children in the Context of Child Abuse|107
3|5.7 Birth Fathers (BF) and Nonbirth Fathers (NBF)|107
4|5.7.1 Childhood|107
4|5.7.2 Adult Lives|108
3|5.8 Type of Relationship|109
3|5.9 The Life Course of Married and Cohabiting Men|110
3|5.10 Summary, Conclusions and Implications|111
4|5.10.1 Comparison of Family Murders (FM) and Nonfamily Murders (NFM)|111
4|5.10.2 Comparison of Birth Fathers (BF) and Nonbirth Fathers (NBF) Who Killed Children in the Context of Persistent Violence|112
4|5.10.3 Implications|114
3|References|116
2|6: A New Paradigm on Parents Who Kill: ‘The Mental Health Syndrome Paradigm’|118
3|6.1 Introduction|118
3|6.2 Who Kills Children?|120
3|6.3 Macro Socio-Economic Context for Child Deaths|123
3|6.4 MHS: Towards a Better Prevention–Protection Model|128
3|6.5 Impact of Parental Mental Illness/Psychopathy upon Children: Furthering the Vicious Cycle|129
3|6.6 Policy and Practice Proposal|131
3|References|133
2|7: Familicide-Suicide|140
3|7.1 Introduction|140
3|7.2 Terminology|141
3|7.3 Defining the Offence|142
3|7.4 Disparities in Findings|142
3|7.5 Variations in Offence Characteristics|143
3|7.6 Approaching Understanding|144
3|7.7 Familicide-Suicide Following Separation|146
4|7.7.1 Towards Understanding and Prevention|147
4|7.7.2 Risk Factor Profile|147
4|7.7.3 Early Adverse Childhood Experiences (Trauma and Attachment)|148
4|7.7.4 Psychodynamics|149
4|7.7.5 History of Domestic Violence|151
4|7.7.6 Trait Vulnerability|152
3|7.8 Conclusion|153
3|References|155
2|8: Filicide in Australia|159
3|8.1 Introduction|159
3|8.2 The National Context|160
3|8.3 Filicide Research in Australia|160
4|8.3.1 Incidence|162
4|8.3.2 Victims|163
4|8.3.3 Relationship Between the Victim and the Perpetrator|165
4|8.3.4 Parental Separation|166
4|8.3.5 Mental Health|168
4|8.3.6 Domestic Violence|169
4|8.3.7 Child Abuse|170
4|8.3.8 Substance Abuse|171
4|8.3.9 Criminal History|171
4|8.3.10 Geographic Location|172
4|8.3.11 Use of Services|172
3|8.4 Intervention and Prevention|173
3|8.5 Conclusion|176
3|References|177
2|9: Filicide and Children with Special Health Care Needs in Arizona|181
3|9.1 Introduction|181
3|9.2 Method|183
3|9.3 Results|185
3|9.4 Children with Special Health Care Needs|186
3|9.5 Children Without Special Health Care Needs|186
3|9.6 Discussion|187
4|9.6.1 How Prevalent Is Filicide Among This Group of Children?|188
4|9.6.2 What Type of Parental Figure Is Primarily Responsible for Committing Filicide?|188
4|9.6.3 Which Groups under the Definition of Children with Special Health Care Needs Are Most at Risk for Filicide?|189
3|9.7 Conclusion|189
3|References|190
1|Part III: Intervention and Prevention|193
2|10: Protecting Children Living with Domestic Violence: Risk of Homicide in the Context of Immigration|194
3|10.1 Introduction|194
3|10.2 Immigrant Children at Risk|197
4|10.2.1 Language Barriers|198
4|10.2.2 Migration and Acculturative Stress|199
4|10.2.3 Cultural Considerations|200
3|10.3 Role of Professionals|200
4|10.3.1 Police and the Criminal Justice System|201
4|10.3.2 Child Protection|202
3|10.4 Risk Assessment|202
3|10.5 Case Study—Christian Lee (British Columbia)|203
3|10.6 Recommendations|206
3|References|208
2|11: What Can Professionals and Families Do? Missed Opportunities to Protect—Sharing Knowledge to Inform Practice Change for Identifying Risks and Enabling Safety|213
3|11.1 We Have Research, What Follows?|213
3|11.2 Knowledge for Applying Research to Achieve Social Change|215
3|11.3 Filicide and Family Services—Research by Practice|216
3|11.4 The Survey, Analysis and Discussion|217
3|11.5 Discussion—Linking Academic and Practice Research|222
3|11.6 A Way Forward: Implementing Knowledge into Action, Towards Preventing Filicide|224
3|11.7 Bringing It All Together to #KnowAskDo|226
3|11.8 Summary Comments|227
3|References|228
2|12: Preventing Filicide Through Reform to the Mental Health Act (2001): The Republic of Ireland|231
3|12.1 Introduction|231
3|12.2 The Inquest|233
3|12.3 The Health Service Executive|234
3|12.4 After the Tragedy—January 2011|235
3|12.5 Research on Filicide in the Republic of Ireland: 2000–2016|237
4|12.5.1 Incidence|240
4|12.5.2 Method of Killing|240
4|12.5.3 Perpetrators|241
3|12.6 Mental Illness|242
3|12.7 The Investigation into My Husband’s Treatment|245
3|12.8 Review of the Mental Health Act (2001)|245
3|12.9 Conclusion|249
3|References|251
2|13: Raising the Status of Families, Friends and Community Members in Reviewing Domestic Homicides|253
3|13.1 Introduction|253
3|13.2 Challenges Faced by Families After Homicide|255
4|13.2.1 Secondary Trauma from Being Denied Information and Being Treated Poorly|255
4|13.2.2 Lack of Status of Families After Homicide and the Setting Up of AAFDA|258
4|13.2.3 The Challenge from the Community|262
4|13.2.4 Legislation and the Criminal Justice System|262
4|13.2.5 Media|264
3|13.3 Raising the Status of Families After Homicide|265
3|13.4 Conclusion|267
3|References|268
1|Index|270
1|Preface|6
2|Part I: Incidence|7
2|Part II: Explaining Filicide|9
2|Part III: Intervention and Prevention|10
1|Acknowledgements|14
1|Contents|16
1|List of Figures|19
1|List of Tables|20
1|Part I: Incidence|22
2|1: Canadian Trends in Filicide by Gender of the Accused, 1961–2011|23
3|1.1 Introduction|23
3|1.2 Prior Research on Gender and Filicide|24
4|1.2.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Filicide Accused and Their Victims|25
5|1.2.1.1 Perpetrators|25
5|1.2.1.2 Victims|25
4|1.2.2 Situational Characteristics in Filicide|25
4|1.2.3 Explaining Filicide|26
3|1.3 The Current Study|28
4|1.3.1 Data Source and Sample|28
4|1.3.2 Results|30
5|1.3.2.1 Temporal and Geographic Trends|30
5|1.3.2.2 Socio-Demographic Characteristics|30
6|Age of Accused by Gender|30
6|Marital Status by Gender of Accused|30
6|Gender of Victim|31
6|Age of Victim|31
6|Relationship|31
5|1.3.2.3 Incident Characteristics|31
6|Cause of Death|31
6|Motive|32
6|History of Family Violence|32
6|Clearance Status|34
6|Charge Laid or Recommended|35
3|1.4 Discussion and Conclusion|35
4|1.4.1 Emerging Trends in Maternal and Paternal Filicide|36
5|1.4.1.1 Increasing Gender Gap in Accused|36
5|1.4.1.2 Increasing Proportion of Accused Experiencing Relationship Breakdown|37
5|1.4.1.3 Increasing Proportion of Filicidal Stepfathers|38
5|1.4.1.4 Increasing Presence of Prior History of Family Violence|39
5|1.4.1.5 Decreases in Filicide–Suicide Cases|39
4|1.4.2 Further Implications for Future Research to Inform Intervention and Prevention|40
3|References|42
2|2: The Incidence of Filicide in Chile: A Study of the Years 2010–2012|46
3|2.1 Introduction|46
3|2.2 Historical Background and Chilean Context|47
3|2.3 Conceptual Framework|48
4|2.3.1 Altruistic Filicide|49
4|2.3.2 Filicide of an Unwanted Child|49
4|2.3.3 Fatal Maltreatment|50
4|2.3.4 Acute Psychotic Filicide|50
4|2.3.5 Revenge Filicide|51
3|2.4 Incidence Statistics of Filicide in Chile|51
3|2.5 Case Studies|55
3|2.6 Conclusion|59
3|References|60
2|3: Developing an Understanding of Filicide in South Africa|62
3|3.1 Introduction|62
3|3.2 Context of Violence in South Africa|64
3|3.3 The Pattern of Homicide in South Africa|65
3|3.4 Families and Child Rearing|67
3|3.5 Violence Against Children|69
3|3.6 When Violence Kills: Patterns of Child Murders in South Africa|70
3|3.7 Understanding Filicide in the South African Setting|71
3|3.8 Conclusion|75
3|References|77
2|4: Filicide in Japan|81
3|4.1 Introduction|81
4|4.1.1 Brief Overview of Previous Studies Regarding Filicide|81
4|4.1.2 The Recent Features of Filicide in Japan|83
3|4.2 Methods|84
3|4.3 Results|84
4|4.3.1 Data Set|84
4|4.3.2 Victims and Offender|85
4|4.3.3 Filicide Rates and Regional Distribution|86
4|4.3.4 Fatal Abuse Cases|88
4|4.3.5 Multiple Filicide Cases|88
4|4.3.6 Filicide Rate, Suicide Rate, and Unemployment Rate|89
3|4.4 Discussion|90
4|4.4.1 Is the Number of Fatal Abuse Cases Increasing?|90
4|4.4.2 Age Distribution of Perpetrators|91
4|4.4.3 Filicide Rate and Socioeconomic Factors|91
4|4.4.4 Possible Preventive Measures for Filicide|92
3|References|93
1|Part II: Explaining Filicide|96
2|5: When Men Murder Children|97
3|5.1 Introduction|97
3|5.2 The Knowledge|98
3|5.3 Methods in the Murder in Britain Study|101
3|5.4 When Men Murder Children Inside and Outside the Family Context|102
4|5.4.1 Comparison of Family Members (FM) and Nonfamily Members (NFM)|102
3|5.5 Life Course of the Perpetrators|104
4|5.5.1 Childhood|104
4|5.5.2 Adult Lives|105
3|5.6 The Murder of Children by Birth Fathers (BF) and De Facto Men (NBF)|105
4|5.6.1 Men Murdering Children in the Context of Child Abuse|107
3|5.7 Birth Fathers (BF) and Nonbirth Fathers (NBF)|107
4|5.7.1 Childhood|107
4|5.7.2 Adult Lives|108
3|5.8 Type of Relationship|109
3|5.9 The Life Course of Married and Cohabiting Men|110
3|5.10 Summary, Conclusions and Implications|111
4|5.10.1 Comparison of Family Murders (FM) and Nonfamily Murders (NFM)|111
4|5.10.2 Comparison of Birth Fathers (BF) and Nonbirth Fathers (NBF) Who Killed Children in the Context of Persistent Violence|112
4|5.10.3 Implications|114
3|References|116
2|6: A New Paradigm on Parents Who Kill: ‘The Mental Health Syndrome Paradigm’|118
3|6.1 Introduction|118
3|6.2 Who Kills Children?|120
3|6.3 Macro Socio-Economic Context for Child Deaths|123
3|6.4 MHS: Towards a Better Prevention–Protection Model|128
3|6.5 Impact of Parental Mental Illness/Psychopathy upon Children: Furthering the Vicious Cycle|129
3|6.6 Policy and Practice Proposal|131
3|References|133
2|7: Familicide-Suicide|140
3|7.1 Introduction|140
3|7.2 Terminology|141
3|7.3 Defining the Offence|142
3|7.4 Disparities in Findings|142
3|7.5 Variations in Offence Characteristics|143
3|7.6 Approaching Understanding|144
3|7.7 Familicide-Suicide Following Separation|146
4|7.7.1 Towards Understanding and Prevention|147
4|7.7.2 Risk Factor Profile|147
4|7.7.3 Early Adverse Childhood Experiences (Trauma and Attachment)|148
4|7.7.4 Psychodynamics|149
4|7.7.5 History of Domestic Violence|151
4|7.7.6 Trait Vulnerability|152
3|7.8 Conclusion|153
3|References|155
2|8: Filicide in Australia|159
3|8.1 Introduction|159
3|8.2 The National Context|160
3|8.3 Filicide Research in Australia|160
4|8.3.1 Incidence|162
4|8.3.2 Victims|163
4|8.3.3 Relationship Between the Victim and the Perpetrator|165
4|8.3.4 Parental Separation|166
4|8.3.5 Mental Health|168
4|8.3.6 Domestic Violence|169
4|8.3.7 Child Abuse|170
4|8.3.8 Substance Abuse|171
4|8.3.9 Criminal History|171
4|8.3.10 Geographic Location|172
4|8.3.11 Use of Services|172
3|8.4 Intervention and Prevention|173
3|8.5 Conclusion|176
3|References|177
2|9: Filicide and Children with Special Health Care Needs in Arizona|181
3|9.1 Introduction|181
3|9.2 Method|183
3|9.3 Results|185
3|9.4 Children with Special Health Care Needs|186
3|9.5 Children Without Special Health Care Needs|186
3|9.6 Discussion|187
4|9.6.1 How Prevalent Is Filicide Among This Group of Children?|188
4|9.6.2 What Type of Parental Figure Is Primarily Responsible for Committing Filicide?|188
4|9.6.3 Which Groups under the Definition of Children with Special Health Care Needs Are Most at Risk for Filicide?|189
3|9.7 Conclusion|189
3|References|190
1|Part III: Intervention and Prevention|193
2|10: Protecting Children Living with Domestic Violence: Risk of Homicide in the Context of Immigration|194
3|10.1 Introduction|194
3|10.2 Immigrant Children at Risk|197
4|10.2.1 Language Barriers|198
4|10.2.2 Migration and Acculturative Stress|199
4|10.2.3 Cultural Considerations|200
3|10.3 Role of Professionals|200
4|10.3.1 Police and the Criminal Justice System|201
4|10.3.2 Child Protection|202
3|10.4 Risk Assessment|202
3|10.5 Case Study—Christian Lee (British Columbia)|203
3|10.6 Recommendations|206
3|References|208
2|11: What Can Professionals and Families Do? Missed Opportunities to Protect—Sharing Knowledge to Inform Practice Change for Identifying Risks and Enabling Safety|213
3|11.1 We Have Research, What Follows?|213
3|11.2 Knowledge for Applying Research to Achieve Social Change|215
3|11.3 Filicide and Family Services—Research by Practice|216
3|11.4 The Survey, Analysis and Discussion|217
3|11.5 Discussion—Linking Academic and Practice Research|222
3|11.6 A Way Forward: Implementing Knowledge into Action, Towards Preventing Filicide|224
3|11.7 Bringing It All Together to #KnowAskDo|226
3|11.8 Summary Comments|227
3|References|228
2|12: Preventing Filicide Through Reform to the Mental Health Act (2001): The Republic of Ireland|231
3|12.1 Introduction|231
3|12.2 The Inquest|233
3|12.3 The Health Service Executive|234
3|12.4 After the Tragedy—January 2011|235
3|12.5 Research on Filicide in the Republic of Ireland: 2000–2016|237
4|12.5.1 Incidence|240
4|12.5.2 Method of Killing|240
4|12.5.3 Perpetrators|241
3|12.6 Mental Illness|242
3|12.7 The Investigation into My Husband’s Treatment|245
3|12.8 Review of the Mental Health Act (2001)|245
3|12.9 Conclusion|249
3|References|251
2|13: Raising the Status of Families, Friends and Community Members in Reviewing Domestic Homicides|253
3|13.1 Introduction|253
3|13.2 Challenges Faced by Families After Homicide|255
4|13.2.1 Secondary Trauma from Being Denied Information and Being Treated Poorly|255
4|13.2.2 Lack of Status of Families After Homicide and the Setting Up of AAFDA|258
4|13.2.3 The Challenge from the Community|262
4|13.2.4 Legislation and the Criminal Justice System|262
4|13.2.5 Media|264
3|13.3 Raising the Status of Families After Homicide|265
3|13.4 Conclusion|267
3|References|268
1|Index|270