File #2427: "2018_Book_TheorisingInstitutionalChangeT.pdf"

2018_Book_TheorisingInstitutionalChangeT.pdf

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1|Supervisor’s Foreword|6
2|References|7
1|Abstract|8
1|Acknowledgements|9
1|Contents|10
1|Abbreviations and Acronyms|14
1|List of Figures|17
1|1 Introduction|18
2|1.1 Preview of the Argument|21
3|1.1.1 Research Questions|22
3|1.1.2 Objectives|23
3|1.1.3 Methodology and Approach|24
3|1.1.4 Conclusions|27
2|1.2 Relevance|30
2|1.3 State of the Art and Innovation|31
2|1.4 Outline|35
2|References|35
1|2 Methodology and Theoretic Framework|40
2|2.1 The State of the Art of the Study of Institutional Change|42
2|2.2 The Importance of the Time Frame for the Analysis of Institutional Change|46
2|2.3 Stages of Institutional Development|46
3|2.3.1 Stage 1—Agenda Formation|47
3|2.3.2 Stage 2—Institutional Selection, -Choice and -Design|49
3|2.3.3 Stage 3—Operationalisation|50
3|2.3.4 Stage 4—Redefinition|50
3|2.3.5 Stage 5—Crisis|51
2|2.4 Facets of Institutional Change|51
3|2.4.1 Degree of Institutional Change|51
3|2.4.2 Pace of Institutional Change|52
3|2.4.3 Sources of Institutional Change|53
3|2.4.4 Change Agents|54
3|2.4.5 Forms of Institutional Change|63
2|2.5 Sub-conclusion|64
2|References|67
1|3 Empirical Study: The Development of Space Policy in Europe|74
2|3.1 Phase 1: Historic Evolution of ESA (1959–1974)|78
3|3.1.1 Background: The Situation in Europe|78
3|3.1.2 First Steps Towards a European Space Collaboration|79
3|3.1.3 Institutional Bifurcation|84
3|3.1.4 The Founding of ESRO|86
3|3.1.5 The Founding of ELDO|88
3|3.1.6 ELDO’s Demise|90
3|3.1.7 Small Versus Big Countries|93
3|3.1.8 The ESRO Reform: Introduction of À La Carte Cooperation|93
3|3.1.9 Towards a Single European Organisation|95
2|3.2 Phase 2: From the Founding of ESA to the Entering of the EC in the Space Domain (1975–1986)|96
3|3.2.1 The Foundation of ESA|96
3|3.2.2 Striving for Autonomy|98
3|3.2.3 The Consolidation of ESA|99
2|3.3 Phase 3: From the First Steps of the EC to the ESA-EU Framework Agreement: Historic Evolution of Space Policy as a Community Policy Within the EU (1986–2004)|99
3|3.3.1 The EC’s Early Steps|100
3|3.3.2 First ESA-EC Cooperation|103
3|3.3.3 New Dimensions of Cooperation|108
3|3.3.4 Turning to a New Chapter|109
3|3.3.5 The Three-Wise-Men-Report of 2000|111
3|3.3.6 A European Space Strategy|113
3|3.3.7 Green and White Paper on European Space Policy|114
3|3.3.8 Draft Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe|116
2|3.4 Phase 4: From Framework Agreement to the Lisbon Treaty—the Era of the Space Councils (2004–2009)|118
3|3.4.1 The ESA-EU Framework Agreement: Formalised Cooperation|118
3|3.4.2 The First Space Councils: Trying to Define Roles|121
3|3.4.3 The Commission’s Impact Assessment: Four Policy Options|123
3|3.4.4 Commission Communication on an ESP: Framing Space in Strategic Terms|125
3|3.4.5 The Fourth Space Council: Concretising the Roles of EU and ESA|126
3|3.4.6 Taking Forward the ESP: Any Progress?|127
3|3.4.7 The Economic Crisis: Putting Space in Perspective of Global Challenges|128
2|3.5 Phase 5: The Lisbon Treaty: Introduction of Space as a Shared Competence (2009–2012)|129
3|3.5.1 The Lisbon Treaty and Its Implications|129
3|3.5.2 Global Challenges and Benefits of Space Applications for European Citizens|131
3|3.5.3 Copernicus and Its Operations|132
3|3.5.4 Establishing Appropriate Relations Between the EU and ESA|132
3|3.5.5 Towards the European Space Agency that Best Serves Europe|135
2|3.6 Phase 6: Post-ESA-EU Declaration of November 2012 (Post-2012)|136
3|3.6.1 Draft Council Conclusions “Establishing Appropriate Relations Between the EU and the European Space Agency”|136
3|3.6.2 Cost-Benefit Assessment of Options|137
3|3.6.3 ESA’s General Director Scenarios Assessment|138
3|3.6.4 “Space, Sovereignty and European Security—Building European Capabilities in an Advanced Institutional Framework”|140
3|3.6.5 Space Council Meetings in 2014|140
3|3.6.6 Position Paper of the Former Ministers Responsible for Space|142
3|3.6.7 The ESA Ministerial Conference of 2014|142
2|References|143
1|4 Theoretical Discussion|151
2|4.1 Stages of Institutional Development and the Development of Space Policy in Europe|152
3|4.1.1 Phase 1: The Historic Evolution of ESA (1959–1974)|153
3|4.1.2 Phase 2: From the Founding of ESA to the Entering of the EC in the Space Domain (1975–1986)|154
3|4.1.3 Phase 3: From the First Steps of the EC to the ESA-EU Framework Agreement (1986–2004)|156
3|4.1.4 Phase 4: From the Framework Agreement to the Lisbon Treaty (2004–2009)|156
3|4.1.5 Phase 5: The Lisbon Treaty: Introduction of Space as a Shared Competence (2009–2012)|157
3|4.1.6 Phase 6: Post-ESA-EU Declaration of November 2012 (Post-2012)|157
2|4.2 Facets of Institutional Change and the Development of Space Policy in Europe|157
3|4.2.1 Degree of Institutional Change in the Development of Space Policy in Europe|158
3|4.2.2 Pace of Institutional Change in the Development of Space Policy in Europe|159
3|4.2.3 Sources of Institutional Change in the Development of Space Policy in Europe|160
3|4.2.4 Change Agents in the Development of Space Policy in Europe|167
3|4.2.5 Forms of Institutional Change in the Development of Space Policy in Europe|177
2|4.3 Conclusions|179
3|4.3.1 The Degree of Institutional Change of ESA|180
3|4.3.2 The Impact of the European Integration Process on the Development of Space Policy in Europe|180
3|4.3.3 Stages of Institutional Development as a Way to Structure the Observations on Institutional Change|181
3|4.3.4 Facets of Institutional Change as a Way to Structure the Observations on Institutional Change|183
2|References|191
1|5 Conclusion and Synthesis|196
2|5.1 Approach|197
2|5.2 Relevance|198
2|5.3 Methodology|199
2|5.4 Conclusions|200
3|5.4.1 The Degree of Institutional Change of ESA|200
3|5.4.2 The Impact of the European Integration Process on the Development of Space Policy in Europe|201
3|5.4.3 Stages of Institutional Development as a Way to Structure the Observations on Institutional Change|201
3|5.4.4 Facets of Institutional Change as a Way to Structure the Observations on Institutional Change|203
2|5.5 Assessment, Implications and Generalisation|210
2|5.6 Further Research|211
2|5.7 Outlook|212
2|References|214
1|About the Author|218
1|Bibliography|219