File #2647: "2019_Book_HowPartiesExperienceMediation.pdf"
Text
1|Testimonials|5
1|Acknowledgements|8
1|Contents|10
1|About the Author|16
1|Abbreviations|17
1|List of Tables|18
1|Part I: Contextualising Relationship Changes in Mediation|19
2|Chapter 1: Introduction|20
3|1.1 The Structure of This Book|22
3|References|24
2|Chapter 2: Relationship Change in Various Areas of Mediation: The Rationale of This Study|26
3|2.1 Relationship Change in Peer Mediation|27
3|2.2 Relationship Change in Community Mediation|29
3|2.3 Relationship Change in Family Mediation|30
3|2.4 Relationship Change in Civil Mediation|32
3|2.5 Relationship Change in Workplace Mediation|34
3|2.6 Mediation Models and the Definition of Mediation in the Light of Relationship Change|37
4|2.6.1 The Main Mediation Models and the Possibility of Relationship Change|38
4|2.6.2 The Definition of Mediation and the Model as Used in This Research|39
3|References|41
2|Chapter 3: Exploring Foundational Concepts: Relationship, Interpersonal Conflict and Mediation as an Intervention|47
3|3.1 Relationship: Its Definition and Types|48
4|3.1.1 The Role of Interaction|48
4|3.1.2 Further Aspects of Relationships|49
4|3.1.3 Relationship Types: Relationships at Work|50
3|3.2 Interpersonal Conflict and Background Processes|52
4|3.2.1 Destructive Cognitive Processes Affecting Interactions|53
4|3.2.2 Unfulfilled Needs in the Background of Conflict|54
4|3.2.3 Conflict Types: From Task and Process to Relationship Conflict|56
4|3.2.4 Conflict as a Force|58
4|3.2.5 Stressors in the Background of Conflict|60
4|3.2.6 Bullying and Abuse as a Stressor|64
3|3.3 Mediation as an Intervention in Relationship Breakdown|66
4|3.3.1 The Components of the Mediator´s Intervention: The Main Tools|67
4|3.3.2 Processes in Mediation and the Psychological Underpinnings of Change|70
4|3.3.3 Individual Characteristics and Stance as Conditions for Change|85
3|References|88
2|Chapter 4: The Methodological Choice: Exploring Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis|104
3|4.1 The Potential Contribution of Popular Qualitative Psychological Approaches to Understanding Mediation|104
4|4.1.1 Narrative Psychology|105
4|4.1.2 Discourse Analysis|106
4|4.1.3 Grounded Theory|106
4|4.1.4 Phenomenological Methods|108
3|4.2 IPA as the Chosen Qualitative Approach|108
4|4.2.1 Phenomenology in IPA: A Rich Account of the Lived Experience|109
4|4.2.2 Hermeneutics in IPA: Interpreting the Meaning-Making Process|110
4|4.2.3 Idiography in IPA: Focus on the Individual and the Particular|111
4|4.2.4 Underpinning Ontological and Epistemological Assumptions of IPA|112
3|4.3 Benefits and Limitations of the Choice of IPA: The Question of the Small Sample Size|112
4|4.3.1 Consequences of Using a Small Sample Size: A Limitation?|114
4|4.3.2 Further Potential Limitations|115
3|4.4 Preparation for the Interviews: The First Steps|116
4|4.4.1 The Researcher´s Position and the Choice of Semi-Structured Interviews|117
4|4.4.2 The Preparation and Use of the Interview Guide|118
4|4.4.3 The Interview Questions|118
3|4.5 The Procedure of Recruitment and Interviewing|120
4|4.5.1 Recruitment|120
4|4.5.2 Participants|122
4|4.5.3 The Interviews|122
3|4.6 The Data Analysis|123
4|4.6.1 Transcription|124
4|4.6.2 The First Steps of `Dwelling with the Data´|125
4|4.6.3 Systematic and Overall Coding|125
4|4.6.4 Exploratory Commenting|126
4|4.6.5 The Creation of Themes|127
3|References|129
1|Part II: Individual Case Analyses: Personal Understandings of Conflict and Mediation|132
2|Chapter 5: Linda: Experiences of a Mediation That Triggers Personality Development|133
3|5.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Experiences of Stress: From Belonging to a Lost Friendship|134
4|5.1.1 Main Theme 1: Closeness and Belonging Before the Incident: Being Part of a Team|134
4|5.1.2 Main Theme 2: Like an Elephant from an Ant: The Conflict as an Eruption|135
4|5.1.3 Main Theme 3: `No Speaking, No Nothing´: Experience of Complete Relationship Breakdown|138
3|5.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as a Way to Grow|143
4|5.2.1 Main Theme 4: From Fear to Relief: Mediation as a Difficult Experience|143
4|5.2.2 Main Theme 5: Mediation as a Growth Experience via Learning|145
4|5.2.3 Main Theme 6: Mediation as Planting the Seed of Relationship Change|149
3|References|154
2|Chapter 6: Bob: Mediation as Experiences of Breaking the `Barrier´ and Unrealistic Expectations|157
3|6.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Conflict as Stress|158
4|6.1.1 Main Theme 1: Experiences of Distrust: From Manageable Relationship to Breakdown|158
4|6.1.2 Main Theme 2: Manipulation: Helen´s Power as a Strong Source of Strain|160
4|6.1.3 Main Theme 3: Bob´s Agenda and Mission: Bob as Active|164
4|6.1.4 Main Theme 4: Breakdown and Major Changes in Life Aims|165
3|6.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as an Attempt to Improve Relationships|167
4|6.2.1 Main Theme 5: Mediation as a Source of Ambivalent Feelings|168
4|6.2.2 Main Theme 6: `Jumping at the End of the Plank´: Mediation as a Catalyst of Change|170
4|6.2.3 Main Theme 7: Mixed Feelings About Mediation´s Results: Some Relational Changes|172
3|References|176
2|Chapter 7: Jeff: Breaking Through Self-serving Bias? Mediation as Targeting Destructive Cognitive Processes|179
3|7.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Ambivalent Relationships|179
4|7.1.1 Main Theme 1: Differing Expectations in the Relationship|180
4|7.1.2 Main Theme 2: Inconsistent Power Structure as Allowing for the Conflict|181
4|7.1.3 Main Theme 3: Conflict as `Cold War´|183
3|7.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as Safe Space for Starting Relationship Change|186
4|7.2.1 Main Theme 4: Mediation as Ending the `Cold War´|187
4|7.2.2 Main Theme 5: Mediation as Professional Learning: The Difficulties of Taking Responsibility|190
4|7.2.3 Main Theme 6: Rebuilding Trust as a Process|193
3|References|195
2|Chapter 8: Emily: Experiences of Mediation as Denial and `Sham´: Mediation as a Problematic Choice|198
3|8.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Stress: Being Vulnerable and Unprotected in the Face of Threats|199
4|8.1.1 Main Theme 1: Bullying as a Key Experience|199
4|8.1.2 Main Theme 2: An Unfair Organisation: Experiences of Being Exploited|201
4|8.1.3 Main Theme 3: Experiences of the Conflict as a Force That Destroys You|203
3|8.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as Having No Chance to Succeed|206
4|8.2.1 Main Theme 4: Emily as Feeling the Need to `Remove´ Herself|206
4|8.2.2 Main Theme 5: The Mediation When You Need to Give In|209
4|8.2.3 Main Theme 6: Ongoing Misery: Persisting Lack of Support After Mediation|212
3|References|215
2|Chapter 9: Grace: Opposing Experiences of Two Mediations: The Importance of Parties´ Openness and Insight|218
3|9.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Being Different and Discriminated Against|219
4|9.1.1 Main Theme 1: Perceived Organisational Injustice as a Key Factor in Conflict|219
4|9.1.2 Main Theme 2: Being Different: `Battling´ in a Conservative Environment|223
3|9.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as Safe Space to `Have a Voice´|225
4|9.2.1 Main Theme 3: Mediation 1 with LD: Understanding the Need to Move Forward|225
4|9.2.2 Main Theme 4: Handling Ongoing Differences with LD|228
4|9.2.3 Main Theme 5: Mediation 2 with SM: In-Depth Understanding of Vulnerabilities|230
4|9.2.4 Main Theme 6: Reconciliation with SM as Considering Needs|233
3|References|235
1|Part III: Overarching Common Themes and Discussion|238
2|Chapter 10: Interpretations Across Cases: The Overarching Analysis|239
3|10.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Stress as the Primary Experience in Conflict|239
4|10.1.1 Main Theme 1: Conflict Lived as Force and a Source of Strain|240
4|10.1.2 Main Theme 2: Addressing Occupational Stress in Mediation|245
3|10.2 Superordinate Theme 2: The Mediator Who Demonstrably Understands and Cares|250
4|10.2.1 Main Theme 1: The Importance of Individual Intake Conversations|251
4|10.2.2 Main Theme 2: The Mediator as Building Bridges in the Joint Session|254
4|10.2.3 Main Theme 3: Learning as the Core of Mediation|258
3|10.3 Superordinate Theme 3: Relationship Change Facilitated by Mediation|263
4|10.3.1 Main Theme 1: Mediation as a Way to a Relationship of Different Quality|264
4|10.3.2 Main Theme 2: Parties´ Individual Characteristics as Prerequisites|271
3|References|279
2|Chapter 11: Discussion and Conclusion: Implications for Practice and Research|283
3|11.1 Experiences of Stress in Relationship Conflict and Mediation as an Intervention|285
4|11.1.1 Implications for Mediation Practice|289
3|11.2 Building Relationships in Mediation: The Mediator Who Demonstrably Understands and Cares|293
4|11.2.1 Implications for Mediation Practice|299
3|11.3 Establishing a Relationship on New Grounds: Parties´ Openness as Key to Relationship Change in Mediation|302
4|11.3.1 Implications for Mediation Practice|306
3|11.4 Limitations and Future Research|309
3|References|311
1|Acknowledgements|8
1|Contents|10
1|About the Author|16
1|Abbreviations|17
1|List of Tables|18
1|Part I: Contextualising Relationship Changes in Mediation|19
2|Chapter 1: Introduction|20
3|1.1 The Structure of This Book|22
3|References|24
2|Chapter 2: Relationship Change in Various Areas of Mediation: The Rationale of This Study|26
3|2.1 Relationship Change in Peer Mediation|27
3|2.2 Relationship Change in Community Mediation|29
3|2.3 Relationship Change in Family Mediation|30
3|2.4 Relationship Change in Civil Mediation|32
3|2.5 Relationship Change in Workplace Mediation|34
3|2.6 Mediation Models and the Definition of Mediation in the Light of Relationship Change|37
4|2.6.1 The Main Mediation Models and the Possibility of Relationship Change|38
4|2.6.2 The Definition of Mediation and the Model as Used in This Research|39
3|References|41
2|Chapter 3: Exploring Foundational Concepts: Relationship, Interpersonal Conflict and Mediation as an Intervention|47
3|3.1 Relationship: Its Definition and Types|48
4|3.1.1 The Role of Interaction|48
4|3.1.2 Further Aspects of Relationships|49
4|3.1.3 Relationship Types: Relationships at Work|50
3|3.2 Interpersonal Conflict and Background Processes|52
4|3.2.1 Destructive Cognitive Processes Affecting Interactions|53
4|3.2.2 Unfulfilled Needs in the Background of Conflict|54
4|3.2.3 Conflict Types: From Task and Process to Relationship Conflict|56
4|3.2.4 Conflict as a Force|58
4|3.2.5 Stressors in the Background of Conflict|60
4|3.2.6 Bullying and Abuse as a Stressor|64
3|3.3 Mediation as an Intervention in Relationship Breakdown|66
4|3.3.1 The Components of the Mediator´s Intervention: The Main Tools|67
4|3.3.2 Processes in Mediation and the Psychological Underpinnings of Change|70
4|3.3.3 Individual Characteristics and Stance as Conditions for Change|85
3|References|88
2|Chapter 4: The Methodological Choice: Exploring Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis|104
3|4.1 The Potential Contribution of Popular Qualitative Psychological Approaches to Understanding Mediation|104
4|4.1.1 Narrative Psychology|105
4|4.1.2 Discourse Analysis|106
4|4.1.3 Grounded Theory|106
4|4.1.4 Phenomenological Methods|108
3|4.2 IPA as the Chosen Qualitative Approach|108
4|4.2.1 Phenomenology in IPA: A Rich Account of the Lived Experience|109
4|4.2.2 Hermeneutics in IPA: Interpreting the Meaning-Making Process|110
4|4.2.3 Idiography in IPA: Focus on the Individual and the Particular|111
4|4.2.4 Underpinning Ontological and Epistemological Assumptions of IPA|112
3|4.3 Benefits and Limitations of the Choice of IPA: The Question of the Small Sample Size|112
4|4.3.1 Consequences of Using a Small Sample Size: A Limitation?|114
4|4.3.2 Further Potential Limitations|115
3|4.4 Preparation for the Interviews: The First Steps|116
4|4.4.1 The Researcher´s Position and the Choice of Semi-Structured Interviews|117
4|4.4.2 The Preparation and Use of the Interview Guide|118
4|4.4.3 The Interview Questions|118
3|4.5 The Procedure of Recruitment and Interviewing|120
4|4.5.1 Recruitment|120
4|4.5.2 Participants|122
4|4.5.3 The Interviews|122
3|4.6 The Data Analysis|123
4|4.6.1 Transcription|124
4|4.6.2 The First Steps of `Dwelling with the Data´|125
4|4.6.3 Systematic and Overall Coding|125
4|4.6.4 Exploratory Commenting|126
4|4.6.5 The Creation of Themes|127
3|References|129
1|Part II: Individual Case Analyses: Personal Understandings of Conflict and Mediation|132
2|Chapter 5: Linda: Experiences of a Mediation That Triggers Personality Development|133
3|5.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Experiences of Stress: From Belonging to a Lost Friendship|134
4|5.1.1 Main Theme 1: Closeness and Belonging Before the Incident: Being Part of a Team|134
4|5.1.2 Main Theme 2: Like an Elephant from an Ant: The Conflict as an Eruption|135
4|5.1.3 Main Theme 3: `No Speaking, No Nothing´: Experience of Complete Relationship Breakdown|138
3|5.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as a Way to Grow|143
4|5.2.1 Main Theme 4: From Fear to Relief: Mediation as a Difficult Experience|143
4|5.2.2 Main Theme 5: Mediation as a Growth Experience via Learning|145
4|5.2.3 Main Theme 6: Mediation as Planting the Seed of Relationship Change|149
3|References|154
2|Chapter 6: Bob: Mediation as Experiences of Breaking the `Barrier´ and Unrealistic Expectations|157
3|6.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Conflict as Stress|158
4|6.1.1 Main Theme 1: Experiences of Distrust: From Manageable Relationship to Breakdown|158
4|6.1.2 Main Theme 2: Manipulation: Helen´s Power as a Strong Source of Strain|160
4|6.1.3 Main Theme 3: Bob´s Agenda and Mission: Bob as Active|164
4|6.1.4 Main Theme 4: Breakdown and Major Changes in Life Aims|165
3|6.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as an Attempt to Improve Relationships|167
4|6.2.1 Main Theme 5: Mediation as a Source of Ambivalent Feelings|168
4|6.2.2 Main Theme 6: `Jumping at the End of the Plank´: Mediation as a Catalyst of Change|170
4|6.2.3 Main Theme 7: Mixed Feelings About Mediation´s Results: Some Relational Changes|172
3|References|176
2|Chapter 7: Jeff: Breaking Through Self-serving Bias? Mediation as Targeting Destructive Cognitive Processes|179
3|7.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Ambivalent Relationships|179
4|7.1.1 Main Theme 1: Differing Expectations in the Relationship|180
4|7.1.2 Main Theme 2: Inconsistent Power Structure as Allowing for the Conflict|181
4|7.1.3 Main Theme 3: Conflict as `Cold War´|183
3|7.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as Safe Space for Starting Relationship Change|186
4|7.2.1 Main Theme 4: Mediation as Ending the `Cold War´|187
4|7.2.2 Main Theme 5: Mediation as Professional Learning: The Difficulties of Taking Responsibility|190
4|7.2.3 Main Theme 6: Rebuilding Trust as a Process|193
3|References|195
2|Chapter 8: Emily: Experiences of Mediation as Denial and `Sham´: Mediation as a Problematic Choice|198
3|8.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Stress: Being Vulnerable and Unprotected in the Face of Threats|199
4|8.1.1 Main Theme 1: Bullying as a Key Experience|199
4|8.1.2 Main Theme 2: An Unfair Organisation: Experiences of Being Exploited|201
4|8.1.3 Main Theme 3: Experiences of the Conflict as a Force That Destroys You|203
3|8.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as Having No Chance to Succeed|206
4|8.2.1 Main Theme 4: Emily as Feeling the Need to `Remove´ Herself|206
4|8.2.2 Main Theme 5: The Mediation When You Need to Give In|209
4|8.2.3 Main Theme 6: Ongoing Misery: Persisting Lack of Support After Mediation|212
3|References|215
2|Chapter 9: Grace: Opposing Experiences of Two Mediations: The Importance of Parties´ Openness and Insight|218
3|9.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Being Different and Discriminated Against|219
4|9.1.1 Main Theme 1: Perceived Organisational Injustice as a Key Factor in Conflict|219
4|9.1.2 Main Theme 2: Being Different: `Battling´ in a Conservative Environment|223
3|9.2 Superordinate Theme 2: Mediation as Safe Space to `Have a Voice´|225
4|9.2.1 Main Theme 3: Mediation 1 with LD: Understanding the Need to Move Forward|225
4|9.2.2 Main Theme 4: Handling Ongoing Differences with LD|228
4|9.2.3 Main Theme 5: Mediation 2 with SM: In-Depth Understanding of Vulnerabilities|230
4|9.2.4 Main Theme 6: Reconciliation with SM as Considering Needs|233
3|References|235
1|Part III: Overarching Common Themes and Discussion|238
2|Chapter 10: Interpretations Across Cases: The Overarching Analysis|239
3|10.1 Superordinate Theme 1: Stress as the Primary Experience in Conflict|239
4|10.1.1 Main Theme 1: Conflict Lived as Force and a Source of Strain|240
4|10.1.2 Main Theme 2: Addressing Occupational Stress in Mediation|245
3|10.2 Superordinate Theme 2: The Mediator Who Demonstrably Understands and Cares|250
4|10.2.1 Main Theme 1: The Importance of Individual Intake Conversations|251
4|10.2.2 Main Theme 2: The Mediator as Building Bridges in the Joint Session|254
4|10.2.3 Main Theme 3: Learning as the Core of Mediation|258
3|10.3 Superordinate Theme 3: Relationship Change Facilitated by Mediation|263
4|10.3.1 Main Theme 1: Mediation as a Way to a Relationship of Different Quality|264
4|10.3.2 Main Theme 2: Parties´ Individual Characteristics as Prerequisites|271
3|References|279
2|Chapter 11: Discussion and Conclusion: Implications for Practice and Research|283
3|11.1 Experiences of Stress in Relationship Conflict and Mediation as an Intervention|285
4|11.1.1 Implications for Mediation Practice|289
3|11.2 Building Relationships in Mediation: The Mediator Who Demonstrably Understands and Cares|293
4|11.2.1 Implications for Mediation Practice|299
3|11.3 Establishing a Relationship on New Grounds: Parties´ Openness as Key to Relationship Change in Mediation|302
4|11.3.1 Implications for Mediation Practice|306
3|11.4 Limitations and Future Research|309
3|References|311