File #2654: "2019_Book_PrisonsStateAndViolence.pdf"
Text
1|Contents|5
1|Contributors|7
1|Abbreviations|12
1|Brief Introduction to Prison, State, and Violence Intersections|13
2|References|18
1|From Mass Incarceration to a Culture of Control|19
2|1 Expanding Penal Control in the United States|19
2|2 Mass Incarceration, Fear, and Increasing Control|20
2|3 The Future of America’s Culture of Control|23
2|References|24
1|Class, Race, and Hyperincarceration in Revanchist America (Republication)|26
2|1 Sizing up the Penal State|28
2|2 From Mass Incarceration to Hyperincarceration|31
2|3 Penal Expansion as a Response to the Implosion of the Ghetto|34
2|4 Linking Workfare and Prisonfare|37
2|5 Coda: Reversing Revanchism|39
2|References|41
1|The Welfare Culture Crisis and the Socialising Intervention in Prison|44
2|1 Introduction: The Golden Age of Socialisation|44
2|2 The Crisis of the Welfare Culture and the Security and Criminal Justice Rationale|45
3|2.1 ‘Risk Society’ and ‘Global Society’ as a ‘Security Company’|45
3|2.2 Questioning the Welfare State|47
3|2.3 The Transformation of the Welfare State and the Penalisation of Security|48
2|3 The Criminal State and the Institutional Punitive Strategy|49
3|3.1 The Prison Sentence and the Security Logic of Responses to Crime|49
3|3.2 Alternative Punishment and the Expansion of the Punitive System|51
3|3.3 Socialisation and the Economic Crisis|51
2|4 The New Capitalism and the Socialising Prison: An (Im-)possible Relationship?|53
3|4.1 The Question|53
3|4.2 The Sociological Revolution of the Social State: Individualisation in Criminal Justice|54
3|4.3 The Reinterpretation of the Right to Socialisation|55
2|5 Conclusion|57
2|References|58
1|Prison, Ethnicities and State: Establishing Theoretical and Empirical Connections|59
2|1 Introduction|59
2|2 A Review of Selected Studies on the Crime and Race/Ethnicity Interconnections|61
2|3 Prison, Race, and Crime: Blacks and Hispanics in the USA|64
2|4 Prison, Nationality, Ethnicity, and Crime: Foreigners and Roma in Europe|67
2|5 Pathways to Prison (Gomes, 2014): An Empirical Study|72
2|6 Prison, State, and Ethno-Racial Groups: An Open Debate|74
2|References|77
1|Prison in Spain and Social Exclusion Policies|80
2|1 Introduction|80
2|2 Recent Decrease in the Prison Population in Spain|82
2|3 Current Spanish Prison Policies|85
3|3.1 New Strategies|85
3|3.2 Relationship Between Criminal Policies and Prison Policies|86
2|4 Foreigners in Prison: The Achilles’ Heel of the Prison Administration|87
3|4.1 The Failed Repatriation Policies|88
3|4.2 The Difficulties of Reintegrating Foreign Inmates in Spain|89
3|4.3 The Limited Intervention on Foreign Inmates|91
2|5 Conclusions|92
2|References|93
1|The Perceptions of Foreign Organized Crime Groups Inside Portuguese Prisons: Cross-Problems on “First Capital Command PCC” Brazilian Leading Cases and Constructed Stereotypes|94
2|1 Introduction|95
2|2 The Genesis of the Brazilian PCC|97
2|3 Brazilian PCC Versus Terrorist Organizations|99
2|4 The Brazilian Prison System|100
2|5 Perceptions of Brazilian PCC Movements in Portuguese Prisons|101
3|5.1 Perceptions over Criminal Non-national Organized Groups in Portuguese Prisons|101
3|5.2 The State’s Punishment over Non-national Aggressors and the Rise of a Prisons’ Subculture|102
3|5.3 The Increase over the Brazilian PCC Perception in Portuguese Prisons|104
2|6 Conclusions|105
2|References|106
3|Further Readinngs|106
1|Contested Terrains and Incubators of Violence: Carceral Establishments in Democratic Brazil|108
2|1 Introduction|108
2|2 Background: Hyper-incarceration in Democratic Brazil|109
2|3 Historicizing Violence in Brazil’s Carceral Establishments|111
3|3.1 Penal Populism and 1990s Punitive Legislation|111
3|3.2 The “War on Drugs” and Brazil’s 2006 Antidrug Legislation|112
3|3.3 Judicial and Penal Institutions in Democratic Brazil|113
4|3.3.1 Judicial Institutions|113
4|3.3.2 Carceral Administration|114
3|3.4 Brazil’s Carceral Establishments as Contested Terrains and Incubators of Violence|116
2|4 Discussion: Examining Brazilian Penalty and Carceral Violence|118
2|References|120
1|Foreign National Women Arrested for Drug Trafficking: A Dynamic Socio-Penal Portrait|124
2|1 Introduction|125
2|2 Drug Trafficking Within the Contexts of Criminality and Women’s Imprisonment in Portugal|125
2|3 Drug Trafficking in the Context of Foreign Nationals in Prison|128
2|4 Female Foreign Nationals Arrested for Drug Trafficking: Sociodemographic and Criminal Trends|129
2|5 Findings: Sociocriminal Profiles and Trafficking Trends|130
2|6 Final Remarks|133
2|References|135
1|Permeable Prison Walls: Social Relationships, Symbolic Violence and Reproduction of Inequalities|137
2|1 Introduction|137
2|2 Imprisonment, Human Rights and Symbolic Violence: Coexistences and Tensions|138
2|3 Prison Studies|140
2|4 Methodology|142
2|5 Managing Relationships in Prison|142
3|5.1 Correspondence|142
3|5.2 Phone Calls|145
3|5.3 Visits|147
2|6 Concluding Remarks|149
2|References|151
1|The Evolution of Detaining Accompanied Migrant Minors Without a Residence Permit in Belgium|154
2|1 Introduction|154
2|2 Back to Normal? Re-detaining Minors in Closed Immigration Detention Centres (2000–2005)|156
2|3 Beyond Denial: The Prudent Search for Alternatives (2006–2010)|157
2|4 Open Return Units: Widening the Net? (2011–2014)|160
2|5 Recent Developments (2015–2016)|162
2|6 Discussion and Conclusion|163
2|References|165
1|Finding a Way Out of Prison: Portugal, A Collaborative Model|167
2|1 Introduction|167
2|2 Securitism and the Dismantling of the Social Contract|169
2|3 The Neoliberal Tough on Crime Approach|170
2|4 The Relation Between Imprisonment and Crime Rates: Portugal as a Case Study|172
2|5 Alternatives: In the Shadow of the Prison|174
2|6 A Truer Alternative: Dealing with Problems Outside Prison|175
2|7 Arguments for a New Penal Culture|178
2|8 Conclusion|180
2|References|181
1|Contributors|7
1|Abbreviations|12
1|Brief Introduction to Prison, State, and Violence Intersections|13
2|References|18
1|From Mass Incarceration to a Culture of Control|19
2|1 Expanding Penal Control in the United States|19
2|2 Mass Incarceration, Fear, and Increasing Control|20
2|3 The Future of America’s Culture of Control|23
2|References|24
1|Class, Race, and Hyperincarceration in Revanchist America (Republication)|26
2|1 Sizing up the Penal State|28
2|2 From Mass Incarceration to Hyperincarceration|31
2|3 Penal Expansion as a Response to the Implosion of the Ghetto|34
2|4 Linking Workfare and Prisonfare|37
2|5 Coda: Reversing Revanchism|39
2|References|41
1|The Welfare Culture Crisis and the Socialising Intervention in Prison|44
2|1 Introduction: The Golden Age of Socialisation|44
2|2 The Crisis of the Welfare Culture and the Security and Criminal Justice Rationale|45
3|2.1 ‘Risk Society’ and ‘Global Society’ as a ‘Security Company’|45
3|2.2 Questioning the Welfare State|47
3|2.3 The Transformation of the Welfare State and the Penalisation of Security|48
2|3 The Criminal State and the Institutional Punitive Strategy|49
3|3.1 The Prison Sentence and the Security Logic of Responses to Crime|49
3|3.2 Alternative Punishment and the Expansion of the Punitive System|51
3|3.3 Socialisation and the Economic Crisis|51
2|4 The New Capitalism and the Socialising Prison: An (Im-)possible Relationship?|53
3|4.1 The Question|53
3|4.2 The Sociological Revolution of the Social State: Individualisation in Criminal Justice|54
3|4.3 The Reinterpretation of the Right to Socialisation|55
2|5 Conclusion|57
2|References|58
1|Prison, Ethnicities and State: Establishing Theoretical and Empirical Connections|59
2|1 Introduction|59
2|2 A Review of Selected Studies on the Crime and Race/Ethnicity Interconnections|61
2|3 Prison, Race, and Crime: Blacks and Hispanics in the USA|64
2|4 Prison, Nationality, Ethnicity, and Crime: Foreigners and Roma in Europe|67
2|5 Pathways to Prison (Gomes, 2014): An Empirical Study|72
2|6 Prison, State, and Ethno-Racial Groups: An Open Debate|74
2|References|77
1|Prison in Spain and Social Exclusion Policies|80
2|1 Introduction|80
2|2 Recent Decrease in the Prison Population in Spain|82
2|3 Current Spanish Prison Policies|85
3|3.1 New Strategies|85
3|3.2 Relationship Between Criminal Policies and Prison Policies|86
2|4 Foreigners in Prison: The Achilles’ Heel of the Prison Administration|87
3|4.1 The Failed Repatriation Policies|88
3|4.2 The Difficulties of Reintegrating Foreign Inmates in Spain|89
3|4.3 The Limited Intervention on Foreign Inmates|91
2|5 Conclusions|92
2|References|93
1|The Perceptions of Foreign Organized Crime Groups Inside Portuguese Prisons: Cross-Problems on “First Capital Command PCC” Brazilian Leading Cases and Constructed Stereotypes|94
2|1 Introduction|95
2|2 The Genesis of the Brazilian PCC|97
2|3 Brazilian PCC Versus Terrorist Organizations|99
2|4 The Brazilian Prison System|100
2|5 Perceptions of Brazilian PCC Movements in Portuguese Prisons|101
3|5.1 Perceptions over Criminal Non-national Organized Groups in Portuguese Prisons|101
3|5.2 The State’s Punishment over Non-national Aggressors and the Rise of a Prisons’ Subculture|102
3|5.3 The Increase over the Brazilian PCC Perception in Portuguese Prisons|104
2|6 Conclusions|105
2|References|106
3|Further Readinngs|106
1|Contested Terrains and Incubators of Violence: Carceral Establishments in Democratic Brazil|108
2|1 Introduction|108
2|2 Background: Hyper-incarceration in Democratic Brazil|109
2|3 Historicizing Violence in Brazil’s Carceral Establishments|111
3|3.1 Penal Populism and 1990s Punitive Legislation|111
3|3.2 The “War on Drugs” and Brazil’s 2006 Antidrug Legislation|112
3|3.3 Judicial and Penal Institutions in Democratic Brazil|113
4|3.3.1 Judicial Institutions|113
4|3.3.2 Carceral Administration|114
3|3.4 Brazil’s Carceral Establishments as Contested Terrains and Incubators of Violence|116
2|4 Discussion: Examining Brazilian Penalty and Carceral Violence|118
2|References|120
1|Foreign National Women Arrested for Drug Trafficking: A Dynamic Socio-Penal Portrait|124
2|1 Introduction|125
2|2 Drug Trafficking Within the Contexts of Criminality and Women’s Imprisonment in Portugal|125
2|3 Drug Trafficking in the Context of Foreign Nationals in Prison|128
2|4 Female Foreign Nationals Arrested for Drug Trafficking: Sociodemographic and Criminal Trends|129
2|5 Findings: Sociocriminal Profiles and Trafficking Trends|130
2|6 Final Remarks|133
2|References|135
1|Permeable Prison Walls: Social Relationships, Symbolic Violence and Reproduction of Inequalities|137
2|1 Introduction|137
2|2 Imprisonment, Human Rights and Symbolic Violence: Coexistences and Tensions|138
2|3 Prison Studies|140
2|4 Methodology|142
2|5 Managing Relationships in Prison|142
3|5.1 Correspondence|142
3|5.2 Phone Calls|145
3|5.3 Visits|147
2|6 Concluding Remarks|149
2|References|151
1|The Evolution of Detaining Accompanied Migrant Minors Without a Residence Permit in Belgium|154
2|1 Introduction|154
2|2 Back to Normal? Re-detaining Minors in Closed Immigration Detention Centres (2000–2005)|156
2|3 Beyond Denial: The Prudent Search for Alternatives (2006–2010)|157
2|4 Open Return Units: Widening the Net? (2011–2014)|160
2|5 Recent Developments (2015–2016)|162
2|6 Discussion and Conclusion|163
2|References|165
1|Finding a Way Out of Prison: Portugal, A Collaborative Model|167
2|1 Introduction|167
2|2 Securitism and the Dismantling of the Social Contract|169
2|3 The Neoliberal Tough on Crime Approach|170
2|4 The Relation Between Imprisonment and Crime Rates: Portugal as a Case Study|172
2|5 Alternatives: In the Shadow of the Prison|174
2|6 A Truer Alternative: Dealing with Problems Outside Prison|175
2|7 Arguments for a New Penal Culture|178
2|8 Conclusion|180
2|References|181