File #2660: "2019_Book_RegulatingTheCollaborativeEcon.pdf"
Text
1|Preface|5
1|Contents|6
1|Chapter 1: Introduction|10
1|Chapter 2: Searching for a Definition of the Collaborative Economy in the European Union|15
2|2.1 Introduction|15
2|2.2 The Collaborative Economy Triangle|19
3|2.2.1 Online Platforms|20
3|2.2.2 Service Providers|23
3|2.2.3 Users, Prosumers, Peers, Consumers or What Else?|26
2|2.3 The Essential Requirements of a Collaborative Economy Transaction|27
3|2.3.1 Online Platforms: Facilitators or Real Service Providers|28
3|2.3.2 The Economic Exchange|30
3|2.3.3 Another Form of Economic Exchange: Personal Data|32
2|2.4 The Information Society Services Directive|34
3|2.4.1 The Applicability of the Information Society Services Directive to the Collaborative Economy|34
3|2.4.2 A First Assessment of the Elite Taxi Case|36
3|2.4.3 A First Assessment of the Uber France Case|40
3|2.4.4 A First Assessment of the Airbnb Ireland Case|41
2|2.5 Conclusion|42
2|References|42
1|Chapter 3: The Collaborative Economy Within the Framework of the European Union’s Digital Single Market|46
2|3.1 Introduction|46
2|3.2 The Potential Applicability of Primary Law|50
3|3.2.1 Free Movement of Workers|51
3|3.2.2 Freedom of Establishment|53
3|3.2.3 Freedom to Provide and to Receive Services|54
3|3.2.4 Freedom to Choose an Occupation and the Right to Engage in Work|55
3|3.2.5 Freedom to Conduct a Business|57
2|3.3 The Potential Applicability of (Some) Secondary Law|59
3|3.3.1 The Services Directive|59
3|3.3.2 The Recognition of Qualifications Directive|60
3|3.3.3 The Information Society Services Directive and the e-Commerce Directive (Again)|63
3|3.3.4 The Database Directive|64
3|3.3.5 The General Data Protection Regulation|64
2|3.4 The Uber Saga|66
3|3.4.1 Elite Taxi|66
3|3.4.2 Uber France|67
2|3.5 Airbnb Ireland|68
2|3.6 Conclusion|69
2|References|70
1|Chapter 4: Consumer Protection|73
2|4.1 Introduction|73
2|4.2 The Conundrum of Consumer Protection in the Collaborative Economy|76
3|4.2.1 The Notion of Consumers in the Collaborative Economy|79
3|4.2.2 The Notion of Professional or Trader in the Collaborative Economy|80
3|4.2.3 The Role of Online Platforms|82
3|4.2.4 Protecting Who from Whom?|83
2|4.3 Applying European Union Law to Online Transactions|85
3|4.3.1 The Unfair Commercial Practice Directive|86
3|4.3.2 The Consumer Rights Directive|88
3|4.3.3 The e-Commerce Directive|88
3|4.3.4 The Unfair Terms Directive|90
2|4.4 The Concept of Trust in an Online Environment: Selected Aspects|91
3|4.4.1 Rate-and-Review Mechanisms and the Principle of Good Faith|93
2|4.5 A New Deal for Consumers|95
2|4.6 Conclusion|96
2|References|98
1|Chapter 5: Labour Law|101
2|5.1 Introduction|101
2|5.2 Disrupting Classical Labour Law|104
3|5.2.1 Collaborative Economy Service Providers As Subordinate Workers|106
3|5.2.2 Collaborative Economy Service Providers As Self-employed and Professionals|109
3|5.2.3 Online Platforms As Employers|110
3|5.2.4 Rate-and-Review Mechanisms|112
2|5.3 The Applicability of European Union Law|113
3|5.3.1 The Charter of Fundamental Rights|114
3|5.3.2 The Working Time Directive|116
3|5.3.3 The Protection of Atypical Workers Directives|117
2|5.4 Some National Experiences|118
3|5.4.1 United Kingdom|119
3|5.4.2 Italy|120
3|5.4.3 France|122
2|5.5 The European Social Pillar|123
2|5.6 Conclusion|125
2|References|127
1|Chapter 6: Competition Law and Data Protection|129
2|6.1 Introduction|129
2|6.2 Sectors Mostly Potentially Affected by the Collaborative Economy|131
3|6.2.1 Urban Transport|133
3|6.2.2 Accommodation|134
2|6.3 Collaborative Platforms As Undertakings|136
3|6.3.1 Competition Amongst Platforms|137
3|6.3.2 Competition in the Underlying Services’ Market|137
3|6.3.3 Competition Amongst Service Providers|139
2|6.4 Collaborative Platforms and Data Protection|140
3|6.4.1 From Data Protection to Big Data|142
3|6.4.2 Whose Big Data? Big Data and Barriers to Entry into the Market|144
3|6.4.3 Anticompetitive Practices Through the Accumulation of Big Data|144
2|6.5 The Right to Data Portability|146
2|6.6 Conclusion|148
2|References|150
1|Chapter 7: Regulating the Collaborative Economy: A Way Forward|152
2|7.1 Introduction|152
2|7.2 The Need for Regulating the Collaborative Economy|154
2|7.3 The EU Competence to Regulate the Collaborative Economy|158
3|7.3.1 The Impact of the Principle of Subsidiarity|160
3|7.3.2 The Impact of the Principle of Proportionality|162
3|7.3.3 The Choice of a Legal Basis|163
2|7.4 The Suitability of a Directive|165
3|7.4.1 The Content of a Directive|166
2|7.5 Conclusion|168
2|References|168
1|Chapter 8: Conclusion|171
1|List of Acts|176
2|Regulations (in Chronological Order)|176
2|Directives (in Chronological Order)|176
2|Communications (in Chronological Order)|178
2|Decisions (in Chronological Order)|179
2|Legislative Proposals (in Chronological Order)|179
2|Other Sources (in Chronological Order)|179
2|National Sources (in Chronological Order)|180
1|Case Law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (in Chronological Order)|181
1|List of Opinions of Advocates General (in Chronological Order)|187
1|List of National Judgments (in Chronological Order)|188
1|References|189
1|Books|189
1|Articles|189
1|Book Chapters|196
1|Reports and Studies|198
1|Contents|6
1|Chapter 1: Introduction|10
1|Chapter 2: Searching for a Definition of the Collaborative Economy in the European Union|15
2|2.1 Introduction|15
2|2.2 The Collaborative Economy Triangle|19
3|2.2.1 Online Platforms|20
3|2.2.2 Service Providers|23
3|2.2.3 Users, Prosumers, Peers, Consumers or What Else?|26
2|2.3 The Essential Requirements of a Collaborative Economy Transaction|27
3|2.3.1 Online Platforms: Facilitators or Real Service Providers|28
3|2.3.2 The Economic Exchange|30
3|2.3.3 Another Form of Economic Exchange: Personal Data|32
2|2.4 The Information Society Services Directive|34
3|2.4.1 The Applicability of the Information Society Services Directive to the Collaborative Economy|34
3|2.4.2 A First Assessment of the Elite Taxi Case|36
3|2.4.3 A First Assessment of the Uber France Case|40
3|2.4.4 A First Assessment of the Airbnb Ireland Case|41
2|2.5 Conclusion|42
2|References|42
1|Chapter 3: The Collaborative Economy Within the Framework of the European Union’s Digital Single Market|46
2|3.1 Introduction|46
2|3.2 The Potential Applicability of Primary Law|50
3|3.2.1 Free Movement of Workers|51
3|3.2.2 Freedom of Establishment|53
3|3.2.3 Freedom to Provide and to Receive Services|54
3|3.2.4 Freedom to Choose an Occupation and the Right to Engage in Work|55
3|3.2.5 Freedom to Conduct a Business|57
2|3.3 The Potential Applicability of (Some) Secondary Law|59
3|3.3.1 The Services Directive|59
3|3.3.2 The Recognition of Qualifications Directive|60
3|3.3.3 The Information Society Services Directive and the e-Commerce Directive (Again)|63
3|3.3.4 The Database Directive|64
3|3.3.5 The General Data Protection Regulation|64
2|3.4 The Uber Saga|66
3|3.4.1 Elite Taxi|66
3|3.4.2 Uber France|67
2|3.5 Airbnb Ireland|68
2|3.6 Conclusion|69
2|References|70
1|Chapter 4: Consumer Protection|73
2|4.1 Introduction|73
2|4.2 The Conundrum of Consumer Protection in the Collaborative Economy|76
3|4.2.1 The Notion of Consumers in the Collaborative Economy|79
3|4.2.2 The Notion of Professional or Trader in the Collaborative Economy|80
3|4.2.3 The Role of Online Platforms|82
3|4.2.4 Protecting Who from Whom?|83
2|4.3 Applying European Union Law to Online Transactions|85
3|4.3.1 The Unfair Commercial Practice Directive|86
3|4.3.2 The Consumer Rights Directive|88
3|4.3.3 The e-Commerce Directive|88
3|4.3.4 The Unfair Terms Directive|90
2|4.4 The Concept of Trust in an Online Environment: Selected Aspects|91
3|4.4.1 Rate-and-Review Mechanisms and the Principle of Good Faith|93
2|4.5 A New Deal for Consumers|95
2|4.6 Conclusion|96
2|References|98
1|Chapter 5: Labour Law|101
2|5.1 Introduction|101
2|5.2 Disrupting Classical Labour Law|104
3|5.2.1 Collaborative Economy Service Providers As Subordinate Workers|106
3|5.2.2 Collaborative Economy Service Providers As Self-employed and Professionals|109
3|5.2.3 Online Platforms As Employers|110
3|5.2.4 Rate-and-Review Mechanisms|112
2|5.3 The Applicability of European Union Law|113
3|5.3.1 The Charter of Fundamental Rights|114
3|5.3.2 The Working Time Directive|116
3|5.3.3 The Protection of Atypical Workers Directives|117
2|5.4 Some National Experiences|118
3|5.4.1 United Kingdom|119
3|5.4.2 Italy|120
3|5.4.3 France|122
2|5.5 The European Social Pillar|123
2|5.6 Conclusion|125
2|References|127
1|Chapter 6: Competition Law and Data Protection|129
2|6.1 Introduction|129
2|6.2 Sectors Mostly Potentially Affected by the Collaborative Economy|131
3|6.2.1 Urban Transport|133
3|6.2.2 Accommodation|134
2|6.3 Collaborative Platforms As Undertakings|136
3|6.3.1 Competition Amongst Platforms|137
3|6.3.2 Competition in the Underlying Services’ Market|137
3|6.3.3 Competition Amongst Service Providers|139
2|6.4 Collaborative Platforms and Data Protection|140
3|6.4.1 From Data Protection to Big Data|142
3|6.4.2 Whose Big Data? Big Data and Barriers to Entry into the Market|144
3|6.4.3 Anticompetitive Practices Through the Accumulation of Big Data|144
2|6.5 The Right to Data Portability|146
2|6.6 Conclusion|148
2|References|150
1|Chapter 7: Regulating the Collaborative Economy: A Way Forward|152
2|7.1 Introduction|152
2|7.2 The Need for Regulating the Collaborative Economy|154
2|7.3 The EU Competence to Regulate the Collaborative Economy|158
3|7.3.1 The Impact of the Principle of Subsidiarity|160
3|7.3.2 The Impact of the Principle of Proportionality|162
3|7.3.3 The Choice of a Legal Basis|163
2|7.4 The Suitability of a Directive|165
3|7.4.1 The Content of a Directive|166
2|7.5 Conclusion|168
2|References|168
1|Chapter 8: Conclusion|171
1|List of Acts|176
2|Regulations (in Chronological Order)|176
2|Directives (in Chronological Order)|176
2|Communications (in Chronological Order)|178
2|Decisions (in Chronological Order)|179
2|Legislative Proposals (in Chronological Order)|179
2|Other Sources (in Chronological Order)|179
2|National Sources (in Chronological Order)|180
1|Case Law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (in Chronological Order)|181
1|List of Opinions of Advocates General (in Chronological Order)|187
1|List of National Judgments (in Chronological Order)|188
1|References|189
1|Books|189
1|Articles|189
1|Book Chapters|196
1|Reports and Studies|198