File #2834: "2020_Book_OnlineResolutionOfE-commerceDi.pdf"
Text
1|Foreword|5
1|Acknowledgements|7
1|Contents|9
1|Abbreviations|12
1|1 Introduction|13
2|1.1 The Interplay Between Electronic Commerce and Online Dispute Resolution|13
2|1.2 Contribution to the Current Academic World of ODR|16
2|1.3 Research Scope|17
3|1.3.1 Selected Jurisdiction|17
3|1.3.2 Thematic Scope of the Study|18
2|1.4 Research Question|20
2|1.5 Methodology|20
2|1.6 Structure of the Book|23
2|References|24
1|2 Conceptual Settings|26
2|2.1 Electronic Commerce and Disputes Arising from Electronic Commerce|26
3|2.1.1 Definition of “E-Commerce”|27
3|2.1.2 Major Types of E-Commerce Transactions|28
3|2.1.3 Characteristics of E-Commerce Disputes|33
2|2.2 Electronic Contract Rules|36
3|2.2.1 International Legal Instruments on Electronic Contract Rules|37
3|2.2.2 Legal Principles of Electronic Communications|39
2|References|42
1|3 The Development of ODR in E-Commerce Transactions|44
2|3.1 Theory of ODR|44
3|3.1.1 Definition of ODR|46
3|3.1.2 Development of ODR|47
3|3.1.3 Forms of ODR|49
3|3.1.4 Connections Between ADR and ODR|53
2|3.2 ADR and ODR in the EU|54
3|3.2.1 ADR Development in the EU|54
3|3.2.2 Current Legal Instruments on ADR in the EU|55
2|3.3 ADR and ODR in England|58
3|3.3.1 ADR Development in England|58
3|3.3.2 Current Legal Instruments in England|59
3|3.3.3 ODR Development in the Direction of Online Court|60
2|3.4 ADR and ODR in China|61
3|3.4.1 ADR Development in China|61
3|3.4.2 Current ADR Mechanism in China|65
3|3.4.3 China ODR Development Towards a Diversified Dispute Resolution Mechanism|69
2|3.5 Comparison of ADR and ODR Development Among the EU, England, and China|69
2|References|71
1|4 Validity of Electronic Alternative Dispute Resolution Agreements|74
2|4.1 Formal Validity Requirements of e-ADR Agreements|75
3|4.1.1 Direct Formal Validity Requirements in ADR Legislation|77
3|4.1.2 Indirect Formal Validity Requirements: ADR Agreements Concluded in Electronic Form|98
2|4.2 Substantive Validity Requirement to e-ADR Agreement|132
3|4.2.1 Electronic Consent in Standard Form Contracts|134
3|4.2.2 The Application of EU Public Policy to Judicial Review of ADR Agreements|144
3|4.2.3 Case Study on e-ADR Agreements in England|160
3|4.2.4 Case Study of e-ADR Agreements in China|175
3|4.2.5 Sub-conclusion|205
2|4.3 Preliminary Conclusion|213
2|References|215
1|5 ODR Procedural Standards|221
2|5.1 Sources of ODR Procedural Justice|222
3|5.1.1 Technical Notes on ODR Issued by UNCITRAL Working Group III|223
3|5.1.2 Procedural Principles from Civil Procedure Law|226
3|5.1.3 ADR Principles and Rules|235
3|5.1.4 Special Procedural Matters of ODR|239
2|5.2 Application of ODR Principles to Selective ODR Rules in E-Commerce Disputes|244
3|5.2.1 Online Arbitration|244
3|5.2.2 Internal Complaint Mechanism of Third-Party Online Platform|253
3|5.2.3 Domain Name Dispute Resolution|263
2|5.3 Preliminary Conclusion|271
3|5.3.1 Challenges to the ODR Development|271
3|5.3.2 Proposed Solutions to Improve Justice in ODR Proceedings|275
2|References|285
1|6 Enforcement of the ODR Outcomes|290
2|6.1 Public Enforcement: Judicial Measures|291
3|6.1.1 Enforcement of Online Commercial Arbitral Awards|291
3|6.1.2 Enforcement of Online Mediated Settlement Agreements|304
3|6.1.3 Sub-conclusion|320
2|6.2 Private Enforcement: Extra-Judicial Measures|323
3|6.2.1 Automatic Execution of ODR Decisions|323
3|6.2.2 Incentive-Driven Enforcement Mechanism|337
3|6.2.3 Sub-conclusion|346
2|6.3 Preliminary Conclusion|348
2|References|350
1|7 Conclusion|354
2|7.1 Challenges to the Future ODR Development|354
3|7.1.1 Cross-Border Recognition of E-ADR Agreements|355
3|7.1.2 Lack of Procedural Fairness in ODR|356
3|7.1.3 Lack of Enforceability Mechanism for ODR Outcomes|357
2|7.2 Recommendations for the Future ODR System Design|357
3|7.2.1 Establish Common Grounds in Recognizing the Validity of E-ADR Agreements|358
3|7.2.2 Improve Procedural Fairness in ODR|359
3|7.2.3 Enhance the Enforcement Mechanism of ODR Outcomes|360
2|7.3 ODR Development in the Future|360
2|References|361
1|Annex A Guangzhou Arbitration Commission (GZAC) Online Arbitration Rules|362
1|Annex B Alibaba’s Standard of Penalty Points Incurred for Non-compliance of Transactions|371
1|Bibliography|376
1|Acknowledgements|7
1|Contents|9
1|Abbreviations|12
1|1 Introduction|13
2|1.1 The Interplay Between Electronic Commerce and Online Dispute Resolution|13
2|1.2 Contribution to the Current Academic World of ODR|16
2|1.3 Research Scope|17
3|1.3.1 Selected Jurisdiction|17
3|1.3.2 Thematic Scope of the Study|18
2|1.4 Research Question|20
2|1.5 Methodology|20
2|1.6 Structure of the Book|23
2|References|24
1|2 Conceptual Settings|26
2|2.1 Electronic Commerce and Disputes Arising from Electronic Commerce|26
3|2.1.1 Definition of “E-Commerce”|27
3|2.1.2 Major Types of E-Commerce Transactions|28
3|2.1.3 Characteristics of E-Commerce Disputes|33
2|2.2 Electronic Contract Rules|36
3|2.2.1 International Legal Instruments on Electronic Contract Rules|37
3|2.2.2 Legal Principles of Electronic Communications|39
2|References|42
1|3 The Development of ODR in E-Commerce Transactions|44
2|3.1 Theory of ODR|44
3|3.1.1 Definition of ODR|46
3|3.1.2 Development of ODR|47
3|3.1.3 Forms of ODR|49
3|3.1.4 Connections Between ADR and ODR|53
2|3.2 ADR and ODR in the EU|54
3|3.2.1 ADR Development in the EU|54
3|3.2.2 Current Legal Instruments on ADR in the EU|55
2|3.3 ADR and ODR in England|58
3|3.3.1 ADR Development in England|58
3|3.3.2 Current Legal Instruments in England|59
3|3.3.3 ODR Development in the Direction of Online Court|60
2|3.4 ADR and ODR in China|61
3|3.4.1 ADR Development in China|61
3|3.4.2 Current ADR Mechanism in China|65
3|3.4.3 China ODR Development Towards a Diversified Dispute Resolution Mechanism|69
2|3.5 Comparison of ADR and ODR Development Among the EU, England, and China|69
2|References|71
1|4 Validity of Electronic Alternative Dispute Resolution Agreements|74
2|4.1 Formal Validity Requirements of e-ADR Agreements|75
3|4.1.1 Direct Formal Validity Requirements in ADR Legislation|77
3|4.1.2 Indirect Formal Validity Requirements: ADR Agreements Concluded in Electronic Form|98
2|4.2 Substantive Validity Requirement to e-ADR Agreement|132
3|4.2.1 Electronic Consent in Standard Form Contracts|134
3|4.2.2 The Application of EU Public Policy to Judicial Review of ADR Agreements|144
3|4.2.3 Case Study on e-ADR Agreements in England|160
3|4.2.4 Case Study of e-ADR Agreements in China|175
3|4.2.5 Sub-conclusion|205
2|4.3 Preliminary Conclusion|213
2|References|215
1|5 ODR Procedural Standards|221
2|5.1 Sources of ODR Procedural Justice|222
3|5.1.1 Technical Notes on ODR Issued by UNCITRAL Working Group III|223
3|5.1.2 Procedural Principles from Civil Procedure Law|226
3|5.1.3 ADR Principles and Rules|235
3|5.1.4 Special Procedural Matters of ODR|239
2|5.2 Application of ODR Principles to Selective ODR Rules in E-Commerce Disputes|244
3|5.2.1 Online Arbitration|244
3|5.2.2 Internal Complaint Mechanism of Third-Party Online Platform|253
3|5.2.3 Domain Name Dispute Resolution|263
2|5.3 Preliminary Conclusion|271
3|5.3.1 Challenges to the ODR Development|271
3|5.3.2 Proposed Solutions to Improve Justice in ODR Proceedings|275
2|References|285
1|6 Enforcement of the ODR Outcomes|290
2|6.1 Public Enforcement: Judicial Measures|291
3|6.1.1 Enforcement of Online Commercial Arbitral Awards|291
3|6.1.2 Enforcement of Online Mediated Settlement Agreements|304
3|6.1.3 Sub-conclusion|320
2|6.2 Private Enforcement: Extra-Judicial Measures|323
3|6.2.1 Automatic Execution of ODR Decisions|323
3|6.2.2 Incentive-Driven Enforcement Mechanism|337
3|6.2.3 Sub-conclusion|346
2|6.3 Preliminary Conclusion|348
2|References|350
1|7 Conclusion|354
2|7.1 Challenges to the Future ODR Development|354
3|7.1.1 Cross-Border Recognition of E-ADR Agreements|355
3|7.1.2 Lack of Procedural Fairness in ODR|356
3|7.1.3 Lack of Enforceability Mechanism for ODR Outcomes|357
2|7.2 Recommendations for the Future ODR System Design|357
3|7.2.1 Establish Common Grounds in Recognizing the Validity of E-ADR Agreements|358
3|7.2.2 Improve Procedural Fairness in ODR|359
3|7.2.3 Enhance the Enforcement Mechanism of ODR Outcomes|360
2|7.3 ODR Development in the Future|360
2|References|361
1|Annex A Guangzhou Arbitration Commission (GZAC) Online Arbitration Rules|362
1|Annex B Alibaba’s Standard of Penalty Points Incurred for Non-compliance of Transactions|371
1|Bibliography|376